FPNCC in the First Two Years: A New Ethnic Alliance Experiment

FPNCC成立后两年动态:一次新的民地武联盟试验

Liu Yun 刘蕴

Abstract

摘要

Insurgency in Myanmar has the tendency among non-state groups towards coalitions. Individual outfit takes an advantageous position against a powerful rival by promoting cooperation. The new ethnic alliance called Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee (FPNCC) was formed in 2017 when State Counsellor, National League for Democracy (NLD) leader Aung San Suu Kyi entered her second year in office only to find Myanmar’s peace process grounded to a standstill. FPNCC’s task is well-defined as “discussing with the union government regarding the issues of peace-building in Myanmar”. Its distinctive feature lies in the fact that all the member Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs) hailed from the China-Myanmar borderland where new round of ethnic conflicts broke out since 2011. China rallied behind the State Counsellor, persuading those groups to sign the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) which is necessary prerequisite to the subsequent negotiation stages.

缅甸的长期内战中非国家武装都有结盟的趋势。相互合作使得团体内单支武装在面对强大对手的时候能够占据有利形势。新的民地武联盟联邦政治谈判协商委员会（FPNCC）成立于2017年，正值国务资政昂山素季领导的新政府进入执政的第二年，而缅甸和平进程却陷入僵局。FPNCC的任务非常明确，即“与联邦政府谈判协商有关缅甸和平建设的问题”。这个新联盟不同以往的特点是所有成员都来自中缅边境地区，该地区新一轮武装冲突自2011年爆发以来一直没有平息。中国在缅甸和平进程中支持昂山素季政府，积极劝说FPNCC成员签署《全国停火协议》，该协议是进入和平进程后续各个阶段的先决条件。